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Real-Time fMRI neurofeedback of amygdala activity
Sobotková, Marika ; Sekora, Jiří (referee) ; Lamoš, Martin (advisor)
The aim of this diploma thesis is real-time fMRI neurofeedback. In this case, the activity of amygdala is monitored and controled by an emotional regulatory visual task. A procedure to process measured data online and to incorporate it into the stimulus protocol has been proposed. A pilot study was carried out. Offline analysis of measured data was performed, including evaluation of the results of the analysis. The data is processed in MATLAB using the functions of the SPM library.
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Social perception of trustworthiness and its projection in morphospace of human face: evolutionary and ecological consequences
Renzová, Šárka ; Kleisner, Karel (advisor) ; Varella Valentova, Jaroslava (referee)
Differences in perception of the human face is caused by variability in facial features, which stands in the face properties, such as attractiveness, dominance and trustworthiness. This literature review focuses on the perception of trustworthiness and its impact to social interactions. The attention is also paid to possible evolutionary mechanisms such as sexual selection. Moreover, this work deals with the neurohormonal causes in the perception of trustworthiness, wherein the subcortical brain region called the amygdala plays the main role. Keywords: perception, the human face, trustworthiness, the amygdala, sexual selection
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Neurobiology of anxiety disorders
Fišerová, Lucia ; Herink, Josef (advisor) ; Kudláčková, Zděnka (referee)
This bachelor thesis is focused on neurobiology of anxiety and is supported by corresponding literature search. In the thesis individual anxiety disorders are described together with selected risk factors important for the development of this disease. It also deals with biological hypotheses involving various changes in neurotransmitter systems and the influence of stress. Furthermore, it deals with fear conditioning, extinction of fear response and overgeneralization, all of which are forms of fear learning. Amygdala represents an important brain center of anxiety, consequently a description of its funcion along with amygdallar circuits are included in this thesis and different functions of other brain parts are described as well. Moreover, this thesis is concerned with hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis and the influence of individual hormones on anxiety. Lastly, the role of the neuropeptide oxytocin and current studies regarding possibility of its use in therapy are presented. Key words: amygdala, anxiety disorders, corticotrophin releasing hormone, fear, circuits of anxiety and fear, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis, oxytocin, stress
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Real-Time fMRI neurofeedback of amygdala activity
Sobotková, Marika ; Sekora, Jiří (referee) ; Lamoš, Martin (advisor)
The aim of this diploma thesis is real-time fMRI neurofeedback. In this case, the activity of amygdala is monitored and controled by an emotional regulatory visual task. A procedure to process measured data online and to incorporate it into the stimulus protocol has been proposed. A pilot study was carried out. Offline analysis of measured data was performed, including evaluation of the results of the analysis. The data is processed in MATLAB using the functions of the SPM library.
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The influence of inflammatory cytokines on depressive disorders
Svobodová, Eva ; Bendová, Zdeňka (advisor) ; Krulová, Magdaléna (referee)
1 Abstract Depressive disorders are one of the three most frequent diseases causing disability of everyday life of humans. Its occurrence in the population is rapidly increasing. Etiology of depression is unclear, and the treatment usually only ameliorates its symptoms. In patients, there were identified signs not only of chronic stress, which has been associated with depression for quite a long time, but also signs of chronic inflammation in the body. This has led to focusing on proinflammatory cytokines and their connection to chronic stress and depressive symptomatology. We are also interested in the causal link between pro-inflammatory markers and stress that has not yet been unequivocally clarified. The aim of this study is to combine the knowledge about the influence of chronic stress on the development of depressive disorder gained from animal and human models. Additionally, to combine the knowledge of the effect of specific proinflammatory cytokines on the development of the depressive disorder and the change in brain structures morphology which may underlie the symptoms of this disease.
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Signs of epilepsy spectrum disorder in drug-dependent persons
Špuláková, Lucie ; Herink, Josef (advisor) ; Pourová, Jana (referee)
Bc. Lucie Špuláková Signs of epilepsy spectrum disorder in drug-dependent persons Diploma thesis Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Specialist in laboratory methods Objectives: The objective of this diploma thesis was to demonstrate the signs of epile- psy spectrum disorder in risk group of drug-dependent persons. Methods: We investigated the signs of epilepsy spectrum disorder by questionnaire survey - specifically by questionnaires Limbic System Checklist-33 (LSCL-33) and Complex Partial Seizure-like Symptoms Inventory (CPSI). We used statistical methods for results evaluation - the percentage comparison, chi-square test, and Spearman corre- lation coefficient. Results: The questionnaire survey demonstrated a significant shift towards abnormal values for both questionnaires. Abnormal score was achieved by 77 % respondents for questionnary LSCL-33, suspected score was achieved by 19 % respondents. Score for epilepsy spektrum disorder was achieved by 32 % respondents for questionnary CPSI and 45 % respondents showed unusual values. Conclusions: Signs of epilepsy spectrum disorder in drug-dependent persons was thus proved. The incidence is higher than in ordinary population and population of smokers. It was also...
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Animals as prioritized stimuli in human mind
Kočková-Amortová, Eliška ; Landová, Eva (advisor) ; Grygarová, Dominika (referee)
Stimuli percieved with priority are stimuli which are preferentially percieved by humans, because these stimuli have some emotional valence. These often include stimuli which indicate potential threat for the observer such as dangerous animals. Priority perception in humans is provided by special neural circuits that have arisen during evolution and similiar circuits can be found in phylogenetically older lines of tetrapods. The purpose of this thesis is to describe neural mechanisms of priority perception and to summarize and compare three methodical approaches to this perception as well as summarize the findings that were acquired by these methodical approaches in papers testing the priority perception of animals.
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Social perception of trustworthiness and its projection in morphospace of human face: evolutionary and ecological consequences
Renzová, Šárka ; Kleisner, Karel (advisor) ; Varella Valentova, Jaroslava (referee)
Differences in perception of the human face is caused by variability in facial features, which stands in the face properties, such as attractiveness, dominance and trustworthiness. This literature review focuses on the perception of trustworthiness and its impact to social interactions. The attention is also paid to possible evolutionary mechanisms such as sexual selection. Moreover, this work deals with the neurohormonal causes in the perception of trustworthiness, wherein the subcortical brain region called the amygdala plays the main role. Keywords: perception, the human face, trustworthiness, the amygdala, sexual selection
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